Text for “Hallelujah” comes from the book of Revelation in the New Testament. It was also the first recording of a Messiah piece to use an established choir, as all early recordings were made using temporary choirs comprised of provisional singers. In 1910 the Tabernacle Choir made its first recordings, which included the “Hallelujah” chorus this was most likely the first recording of Messiah music outside of England. Earnings from many early performances of the oratorio were used to help the poor, needy, orphaned, widowed, and sick. Performances of Messiah became an Eastertime tradition at the Foundling Hospital until the 1770s. At the time, Messiah was still somewhat unknown to London audiences, but the concert was so well received that Handel was invited back the next year, where he performed the entire Messiah oratorio. In another reversal of fortunes, London’s Foundling Hospital held a fundraising concert, where Handel performed a mix of new music and well as older pieces including the “Hallelujah” chorus. Six scheduled performances were cancelled by Handel in 1743, Messiah was completely removed from the 1744 schedule, and it wasn’t performed in London until 1749.
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When he completed “Hallelujah,” he reportedly told his servant, “I did think I did see all Heaven before me, and the great God Himself seated on His throne, with His company of Angels.”Īlthough the first performance in Dublin on April 13, 1742, was a huge success, Messiah wasn’t met with the same excitement in London the following season. His servants would often find him in tears as he composed. When his assistants brought him his meals, they were often left uneaten. Handel composed Messiah without getting much sleep or even eating much food. The composition of Messiah, the complete 260-page oratorio, began on August 22, 1741, and was composed in just 24 days, when Handel finished the final orchestration on September 14, 1741. Handel would also receive his own commission for composing the work, which in turn helped him on his path to reversing his own misfortune.
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Then, Handel was given funding by a group of charities from Dublin, Ireland, to compose a new work for a benefit performance that would help free men from debtors’ prison. Later that year, two key events changed the course of Handel’s life and the landscape of music forever-his friend Charles Jennens wrote a libretto taken from the Bible, based on the life of Jesus Christ, and gave it to Handel. On April 8, 1741, Handel gave what he believed to be his final concert. It seemed that his career was over and he may even be forced to go to debtors’ prison. In 1741, Handel was heavily in debt following a string of musical failures. Handel’s crowning achievement, Messiah, was not an immediate success.